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Across Australia, many schools have grappled with the choice between Balanced Literacy and the newer evidence-based Structured Literacy approach. Structured Literacy is based on the Science of Learning research and includes Systematic Synthetic Phonics (SSP) as a key component. It also encompasses explicit instruction in phonemic awareness, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. In recent years, research has increasingly supported Structured Literacy, leading to widespread adoption.��

From Term 1 in 2025, all Victorian government schools will be required to implement an approach that includes SSP for students in Prep to Grade 2 as part of their reading programs. However, Independent and Catholic schools in Victoria retain the autonomy to choose their preferred methods for teaching reading.�� 

At MLC Junior School, we recognised the benefits of Structured Literacy early on and have been implementing this approach for the past four years. Our investment in professional development has equipped our teachers with the tools to provide students with a strong foundation in literacy—well before the wider shift.��

“In previous approaches like Balanced Literacy, students often relied on strategies such as recognising whole words and using contextual clues like pictures to determine meaning, with some phonics instruction included,” says Louise Peyton, Head of Junior School.��

“However, research has shown that these methods can create challenges, particularly for students who struggle with reading. Even students who initially pick up reading easily may not develop strong enough letter-sound knowledge to support spelling and reading fluency as texts become more complex,” Louise explains.�� 

Structured Literacy, on the other hand, addresses these challenges by providing a complete literacy system in which children are explicitly taught how their language and spelling systems work in a structured sequence.�� 

“The research shows that the most effective way to teach reading is by following an explicit, systematic approach focusing on the five key areas of phonic awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary and comprehension. It’s well-rounded and ensures that a child develops strong foundations in literacy,” says Louise.�� 

A key advantage of MLC’s approach to Structured Literacy is the use of ongoing formative assessment.�� 

“We continuously take a snapshot of where your child is at with their literacy skills and build from there. As the parent, you are also more informed and can better support your child at home,” Louise shares.��

MLC’s early adoption of Structured Literacy reflects our commitment to evidence-based education.��

“We have partnered with MultiLit, a research initiative of Macquarie University, to integrate high-quality literacy programs into our teaching. Our teachers have already undertaken professional development training and put this evidence-based practice into action. It is an excellent fit for our proactive approach to learning and wellbeing as a College,” says Louise, who adds: 

As literacy education continues to evolve, MLC remains committed to leading with proven, research-informed approaches.��

“Like any other field, education advances over time. The debate around reading instruction has been ongoing for decades, but research now overwhelmingly supports Structured Literacy as the most effective approach for all learners,” Louise concludes.��